Methods of treatment of uterine fibroids
Uterine fibroids are oncological diseases characterized by the formation of tumors in the cervix. The tumor develops from myomas that occur in the tissues of the uterus for a number of reasons. These include, first of all, various inflammatory processes and hormonal disorders, as well as excess weight and menstruation.
Despite the fact that such neoplasms are benign, fibroids are still cancer, and complex, comprehensive treatment is necessary to successfully combat it. Modern medicine has an arsenal of the most effective methods of treating cervical cancer.
Medical treatment of uterine fibroids
Some forms of uterine fibroids can be treated with medications. For such treatment, non-hormonal medications are used that block the receptors of the hormone progesterone. It is this hormone that stimulates the growth of myoma nodes. As a result, the neoplasms should decrease in size.
Medications are most effective when the tumor has not yet reached a significant size. In more serious cases (for example, when surgery is necessary), drug treatment proves to be an effective adjunctive treatment for uterine cancer.
Surgical treatment of uterine fibroids
In modern medicine, there are three main methods of surgical treatment of the uterus:
- hysteroresectoscopy. It is the least traumatic of the surgical methods of treating uterine cancer, as it does not involve dissection of healthy tissues. A hysteroresectoscope device is inserted into the uterine cavity to visualize the internal condition of the organ. The device is equipped with microsurgical instruments that make it possible to carefully cut out fibroids. The method is also successfully used for diagnostic purposes, as it allows you to determine the size of the tumor and take a biopsy.;
- myomectomy. Another low-traumatic method of treating uterine fibroids. Reviews of such operations are generally positive. This is primarily due to the fact that the uterine body is preserved during myomectomy, and only the fibroid itself is cut out. The intervention is performed laparoscopically, through a small puncture in the abdomen;
- Hysterectomy is a method of removing the uterus in fibroids. Such an operation is prescribed in exceptional cases, for example, with multiple tumors or the presence of concomitant pathologies.
Uterine artery embolization
One of the new methods of treatment of uterine fibroids. Surgical intervention during embolization is not performed. The purpose of the procedure is to block blood vessels supplying fibroids. To do this, special solid particles are injected into the vessels – emboli. As a result, the uterus, deprived of blood supply, begins to "dry out" as you do, either significantly decreasing in size or disappearing altogether.
The procedure is performed in a specially equipped operating room, which is equipped with an angiographic device. In this case, only local anesthesia is sufficient. A small puncture is performed in the patient's right femoral artery, through which a catheter (a special thin tube) is inserted. Through the catheter, emboli enter the uterine arteries, blocking the necessary vessels.
