Oncology

Melanoma is a malignant tumor of the skin and mucous membranes. It is formed from melanocyte cells, moles, and age spots. Gradually expanding, melanoma affects the epidermis and forms metastases in other organs. The main method of prevention is to protect the skin from ultraviolet radiation. You should also pay more attention to birthmarks. If their shape or color changes, consult a doctor immediately.

Melanoma is an extremely dangerous malignant tumor characterized by rapid metastasis and the possibility of an almost asymptomatic course over a long period of time.

In the event that the spread of the disease has not yet occurred and is limited only to the skin, melanoma is successfully treatable. However, if secondary lesions have already begun to grow into other organs, it is much more difficult to get rid of the neoplasm.

Melanoma is a skin cancer that develops as a result of oncological lesions of the cells responsible for pigmentation of the skin. In most cases, melanoma develops from moles — small areas of skin containing a high concentration of skin pigment. Less often, the disease occurs on "clean" skin and is not pigmented.

Unfortunately, the answers to the question of how many people live with melanoma of the skin often turn out to be disappointing. This is due to the fact that successful control of the disease is possible only in its early stages, whereas it is in these stages that melanoma is most difficult to diagnose. However, a favorable prognosis is possible if timely measures are taken.

Tumor markers are soluble proteins (glycoproteins) that are found in the blood, urine, or tissues of patients with certain types of cancer. They are usually produced by tumor cells, but in some cases they can be produced by the body itself in response to developing cancer. The level of cancer markers does not increase in all cancer patients, especially at an early stage of the disease.

The second stage of cervical cancer means that the tumor has spread beyond the organ into the surrounding tissues. But it has not yet affected the muscles or ligaments that line the pelvis (the area between the femurs), or the lower part of the vagina.

To select the most effective treatment for stage 2 cervical cancer, this stage of the disease is divided into subtypes.

• Stage 2A — the cancer has spread to the upper part of the vagina. This stage, in turn, is divided into 2 A1 (the tumor has spread to 4 cm or less) and 2 A2 (the neoplasm is more than 4 cm).
• Stage 2 B — the cancer has spread to the tissue around the cervix.

Gynecological cancer is treated with a low risk of recurrence if you consult a doctor at an early stage. In the first stage, cervical cancer deepens inside the organ, but does not spread beyond it. The disease at this stage is usually divided into two subcategories:

• Stage 1A cervical cancer is when there is a very small amount of cancerous tissue (less than 5 mm deep and less than 7 mm wide) that can only be seen under a microscope;
• cervical cancer at stage 1B – at this stage, cancerous tissue can be seen with the naked eye, usually its diameter is 4 cm or less; or the cancer is visible only under a microscope, but has a depth of more than 5 mm and a width of more than 7 mm.

Treatment of uterine adenocarcinoma in Israel is carried out as part of an individual approach under the guidance of a multidisciplinary team of specialists. Israeli clinics perform surgery on progressive or recurrent tumors, in many cases resorting to minimally invasive methods. As a result, patients experience much less postoperative pain, recover faster, and can return home the very next day after surgery.

Treatment of advanced or recurrent cervical cancer is carried out with the help of chemotherapy. Depending on the individual conditions of the disease, doctors prescribe several modern drugs for cervical cancer separately or in combination. Let's look at each of them.

Uterine fibroids are cancers in which a benign tumor forms on the wall or cervix of the uterus. The beginnings of a neoplasm are formed in the muscular structures of the organ for a number of reasons. Among them are gynecological dysfunctions, menstruation, and various inflammatory processes. Regardless of the specific cause, uterine fibroids very often have to be removed.

Uterine fibroids are oncological diseases and are benign tumors that form on any part of the uterus. For a number of reasons, such as hormonal disorders, obesity and inflammatory processes, so—called myomatous nodules appear in the muscular structures of the organ - small rounded formations. They give rise to the tumor. The earlier the disease is diagnosed, the easier and safer it is to eliminate it.