The IVF protocol (in vitro fertilization) may include various stages and procedures, depending on the individual characteristics of the patient and the recommendations of the doctor. A long IVF protocol is usually used in cases where a woman has ovulation problems or other medical indications that require more intensive cycle monitoring.
Here is a general overview of the long IVF protocol:
1. Preparatory stage:
- A woman takes hormonal medications to suppress her natural cycle and control ovulation.
- An initial examination is performed to assess the condition of the ovaries and hormone levels.
2. Ovarian stimulation:
- A woman receives injections of hormones (usually follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone) to stimulate the growth of follicles in the ovaries.
- At this time, regular hormone levels are monitored and ultrasound scans are performed to track follicle growth.
3. Trigger injection:
- When the follicles reach optimal size, the woman receives an injection of chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to stimulate the final maturity of the eggs.
4. Follicle puncture:
- 34-36 hours after the trigger injection, a follicle puncture procedure is performed, in which eggs are extracted from the ovaries under ultrasound control.
5. Fertilization and embryo cultivation:
- The resulting eggs are fertilized with sperm in the laboratory.
- The embryos are then cultured for several days until they are ready for transfer.
6. Embryo transfer:
- One or more embryos are transferred into a woman's uterus through the cervix using a thin catheter.
7. Treatment support:
- A woman can continue to take hormonal medications to support implantation and the onset of pregnancy.
8. Pregnancy test:
- A pregnancy test is performed 10-14 days after the embryo transfer to determine the success of the procedure.
A long IVF protocol requires careful monitoring and supervision by medical staff, as well as compliance with recommendations on behavior and medication intake from the patient.
