Symptoms and causes of SLE
Common symptoms of lupus include joint deformity and soreness, fever, chest pain, hair loss, mouth ulcers, swollen lymph nodes, fatigue, and a red rash that most often occurs on the face. As a rule, the disease occurs in the form of outbreaks, alternating with periods of remission.
The cause of systemic lupus erythematosus is unknown. It is believed that the disease is transmitted genetically and develops under the influence of factors such as female sex hormones, sunlight, smoking, vitamin D deficiency and some infections.
Examination before lupus treatment abroad
Diagnosis for optimal treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus abroad is based on consideration of individual symptoms and laboratory tests. The patient submits blood and urine samples for analysis. Since lupus is often accompanied by the development of anemia, the levels of white blood cells, platelets, red blood cells and hemoglobin are assessed during testing. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is also taken into account, which, at a high value, may indicate the course of a general inflammatory process.
Lupus contributes to the deterioration of the liver and kidneys, so it is important to examine the functions of these organs (using a blood test). If kidney function is impaired, a tissue sample is taken to determine the type of pathology. In case of extensive skin damage, a skin biopsy is performed in clinics abroad.
An X-ray helps to assess the condition of the lungs (accumulation of fluid or inflammation of tissues). EchoCG detects violations of the heartbeat and the working capacity of individual parts of the heart.
The activity of the immune system, which is manifested in SLE, is checked using an antinuclear antibody test. But a positive test result also occurs in patients who do not have this disease.
Treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus abroad
Treatment of SLE abroad is aimed at preventing outbreaks, as well as reducing their severity and duration. Basically, various combinations of drugs with a calculated dosage are used, including:
- Nonsteroidal anti—inflammatory drugs - to reduce pain, swelling and fever;
- Immunosuppressants are prescribed for the treatment of lupus abroad in difficult cases;
- antimalarial drugs — reduce the number of lupus exacerbations;
- corticosteroids — stop the inflammatory process and resist the destruction of the kidneys and brain;
- Biologics such as Benlista help to reduce the symptoms of SLE.
During the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus abroad, patients can participate in clinical trials of innovative drugs. For example, the drug "Stelara" is being tested today. This monoclonal antibody against interleukin demonstrated significant improvement in various indicators of the disease, including musculoskeletal, skin, and immunological conditions, as well as the frequency of exacerbations.
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